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A classical guitar has some specific features in its anatomy.
It has six strings with the treble strings made of nylon and the
bass strings made from nylon wrapped in brass wire. The body is
symmetrical ie. no cut-outs at the higher frets and is made of wood.
There are no electronics involved, so no pickups - volume comes from simple
resonance in the guitar body.
A classical guitarist is more than someone who simply plays
a classical repetoire. The way the guitar is played is also important.
Essentially, a classical guitarist plays by plucking the strings
with his right hand fingers and thumb - strumming is a special effect, and
no pick is ever used. There are other strong recommendations on the general
posture of the entire body and guitar for classical guitarists that
distinguish them from other guitarists.
A1.2 I want to start playing the guitar and to buy one. Which guitar
should I buy? (A quick guide to buying a guitar)?
If you are a complete beginner then I don't suggest you go out and
buy a guitar worth hundreds or thousands, but I guess you don't
need telling. On the other hand, some cheap guitars are really
awful - so here is how to try and tell the difference between a
bargain and a bad banjo.
The price of a guitar is largely determined by the woods
used in its construction - cheap guitar bodies are made from plywood
or laminates. As the price increases woods such as rosewoods, cedar
and spruce will be encountered. These latter woods will also
age well, with the sound of the guitar improving with time, unlilke the
cheaper variety which are at their best when new. As a beginner,
there is little harm in buying a plywood guitar - as long as it
fits some other criterion...
In general, the guitar should be solid with no loose
bits inside - giving the guitar a small shake will determine this.
The guitar's neck should be straight. This can be checked by sighting
along its length. Good fret work can also be checked at this
time by running your fingers along the edge of each side of the
neck. Each fret position will need checking to make sure that there
is no buzzing of strings on poor frets. Do this simply by playing
a note at every single fret position on the board, ensuring
you place a your finger close behind each fret when you do so.
The action of a guitar (the height of the strings above the
fret board) is down to personal choice, but it is recommended
that you pick a guitar with low action (strings near the
fingerboard) as this will make fretting easier.
Do not buy a steel string guitar and replace the strings
with nylon ones. There are two main reasons for this. Classical
guitars are less rigid than steel strung ones, allowing the
strings to vibrate the wood more, producing better sound
quality. Secondly, steel string guitars tend to have necks which
vary in width. A classical guitar should be 2-1/8" across over its
entire length - you'll need the width to correctly finger both
the left and right hands.
Japanese makes, such as Yamaha, Takamine and
Rodriguez are cheap and quite cheerful, usually being perfectly
adequate for beginners. It is only after some months/years practice
that you may want to spend the money on an instrument where
the tone is something very important to you.
One overall guideline is this: take someone who
is experienced in guitars with you. For example, a tutor (if
you have one) or a friend who has been playing classical guitar
for several years. Tutors may also be able to show
you the good shops, good bargains, or offer you guitars
from other students of theirs who are progressing onto
a finer instrument.
Cost: cheap and cheerful: 50-180 pounds sterling.
expensive: 350 - thousands pounds sterling.
A1.3 How do I start to learn (teacher or book)?
Undoubtedly it is better to have a teacher. A good teacher
will be able to guide you correctly through the technical
points of posture, hand position, etc. far better than photos
or illustrations in texts. It is possible to learn through books,
but it will take longer and you may develop poor habits that limit
your abilities and are hard to break after months of playing.
Of course, the down point about a teacher is that they
cost about 17-20 pounds an hour ($15-$25 US)
A very useful approach is to find a teacher that offers
group classes with 4-6 students. The cost per lesson is
usually much lower, and you'll learn both by direct instruction
and observing your classmates approach problems. You can later
schedule additional group or private classes as you desire.
In addition, your teacher will be invaluable in terms of
advice on beginner instruments, sources for music, strings,
and other beginners in your area with whom you might practice.
My advice is to get a teacher if you can, but if you can't,
work closely with good, reliable texts.
A1.4 Where can I find a teacher?
Look in your local papers, and also ask at your local library
where they could well have a list of music tutors. In the UK, the
monthly magazine "Classical Guitar" maintains a list of teachers
who subscribe. Also, local music shops often have a list of teachers
who offer either group or private lessons.
A good source of information about teachers is your local guitar society,
or any college level institution with a music program. In the U.S., you
can also contact teachers through the Guitar Foundation of America. When
you contact a prospective teacher, do not hesitate to ask about:
o Qualifications. Is the teacher an active performer? Does he or she
have a degree? Does he or she have a great deal of teaching
experience, in years and numbers of students? Are his or her
students satisfied with their lessons? Is their work primarily in
classical guitar, or jazz/rock/whatever? Although these questions
do not necessarily indicate a good or bad teacher, this is important
information to use in your final decision.
o Approach to study. Does the teacher emphasize the importance of
information and the structured introduction and application of it?
The teacher should be able to clearly articulate what you will
learn from them. Students who really want to become better players
quickly identify teachers who seem to spend most of the lesson
providing vacuous entertainments, or who do nothing but point out
wrong notes and assign new repertoire, or who offer little advice
other than to "practice harder." Be particularly wary of those
who do not take immediate and specific measures in response to
any painful condition which may arise.
In general, find a teacher whose competency you believe you can basically
trust, and give them your best effort. As your studies progress, judge
whether you are learning anything -- you're entitled to receive your
money's worth.
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